Steel casting is a specialized form of casting involving various types of steel. Steel castings are used when cast irons cannot deliver enough strength or shock resistance. Examples of items that are steel castings include: hydroelectric turbine wheels, forging presses, gears, railroad car frames, bodies for valves and pumps, machinery used in mining, marine equipment, and engine casings. Steel castings are categorized into two general groups: carbon steel and alloy steel.
The methods of casting steel: The Szekely method consists of employing metal molds, one of the chief points being to coat the molds with chalk and paraffin. Shaw also employs metal molds. Slavianoff’s electric casting method appears to be simply a method of melting steel by connecting it to one terminal of a strong electric circuit, the crucible in which it is to be melted, or the plate on which it is to be cast being attached to the other.
In the so-called sand core process, a sand core is cast in the ingot which is afterward worked down as usual; it was claimed that the sand did not injure the material, but this, as well as any advantage, is extremely doubtful. In Norton’s fluid rolling process, fluid steel was to be worked direct into sheets by pouring it through revolving rolls properly adjusted, with the idea of preventing blowholes, and reducing the usual amount of scale.
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